Conclusion

Temporal land use analysis of Mumbai–Pune Industrial (MPI) corridor region reveals a steady urban growth of 3.38% along the corridor during 1997–2003, which accel-erated to 8.34% during 2009–2015 with the implementa-tion of PMI corridor. Spatial metrics confirm that the segments with core urban areas of Mumbai and Pune have concentrated growth between 1997 and 2015 and sprawl is being experienced to the outskirts of the metropolitan area. Prediction of likely changes indicates that the urban area would increase to 33.7% by 2021 and 47.1% by 2027
Spatio-temporal land use analysis Chennai–Bangalore– Mangalore Industrial (CBMI) corridor reveals that urban area has increased from 2.27% (in 1997) to 8.54% (in 2014), with urban sprawl occurring near the vicinity of the existing urban areas and along the outskirts. Spatial pat-terns of urbanisation have been assessed using landscape metrics, which highlight that urban patches are becoming more dispersed along the corridor and compact concen-trated growth is observed in Chennai and Bangalore and surroundings. The high rate of urban sprawl is observed in Chennai and Bangalore followed by Mangalore. Prediction result shows that urban area would be increased from 2.27% (in 1997) to 35.4% (in 2029). The spurt in the urbanisation process along the industrial corridors are due to the industries and improved infrastructure networks. The current trend of land use indicates that the natural vege-tation cover, agriculture lands would be affected along the highways and surrounding of the CBD’s. This necessitates evolving appropriate policy plans towards the prudent use of natural resources while providing livelihood to the local people.
The spatial patterns of landscape dynamics provide vital inputs to the regional decision makers to mitigate the environmental impacts with urbanisation due to the implementation of industrial corridor. This research is an outcome of the recommendations of stakeholder interac-tions between academia, government agencies and indus-try. Prediction and visualisation of spatial patterns of likely land use changes with the implementation of the industrial corridors, would aid in smart decision making to evolve appropriate planning strategies to provide basic amenities and adequate infrastructure with the mitigation of envi-ronmental degradation. Provision of basic amenities and smart infrastructure would boost the industrial growth while supporting the local livelihood and preservation of the local fragile ecology and environment. This entails Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) for each cor-ridor by a reputed academic institution or the organization accredited by the Quality Council of India, implementation of environmental management plans (EMP) and environ-ment monitoring with the regular auditing involving local engineering and technological institutions during the post project period.